GREEN GROWTH AND INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT IN ASEAN: EVIDENCE FROM THE ASEAN KEY FIGURES 2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61912/jeinsa.v4i2.275Keywords:
Green Growth, Inclusive Development, ASEAN, Renewable Energy, Social Justice, Sustainable DevelopmentAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara pertumbuhan hijau (green growth) dan pembangunan inklusif (inclusive development) di kawasan ASEAN dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari ASEAN Key Figures 2024. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif-deskriptif dengan metode komparatif lintas negara terhadap sepuluh anggota ASEAN. Indeks green growth dibentuk dari indikator energi terbarukan, akses energi bersih, elektrifikasi, dan luas hutan, sedangkan indeks inclusive development diukur melalui tingkat kemiskinan, rasio Gini, partisipasi angkatan kerja, dan partisipasi pendidikan dasar. Analisis korelasi Pearson digunakan untuk menguji hubungan antara kedua indeks. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif moderat (r = 0,67) antara pertumbuhan hijau dan pembangunan inklusif di kawasan ASEAN. Negara-negara dengan kinerja lingkungan yang tinggi, seperti Vietnam dan Malaysia, juga menunjukkan capaian sosial-ekonomi yang lebih baik dibandingkan negara-negara berpendapatan rendah seperti Myanmar dan Laos. Hal ini menegaskan bahwa kebijakan energi terbarukan, efisiensi sumber daya, dan perlindungan lingkungan dapat berkontribusi pada pemerataan sosial dan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Meskipun demikian, disparitas antarnegara masih besar akibat perbedaan kapasitas fiskal, kesiapan teknologi, dan dukungan kelembagaan. Temuan ini memperkuat pandangan bahwa green growth dan inclusive development bukan dua agenda yang terpisah, melainkan saling melengkapi dalam mewujudkan pembangunan berkelanjutan di ASEAN. Rekomendasi kebijakan meliputi integrasi kebijakan hijau dan sosial dalam Blueprint ASEAN 2040, penguatan pendanaan hijau, dan penerapan prinsip just transition untuk memastikan keadilan sosial dalam transisi menuju ekonomi hijau.
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